The focus of this discipline is the genetic manipulation of plants and animals using the tools of Biotechnology for highly increased quality and quantity of yields.

Applications of plant genetic engineering (transgenic plants) are the propagation of plants for crop improvement, disease resistance, drought and salinity resistance, herbicide resistance, oil content, delayed fruit ripening, edible vaccines, etc. Plant tissue culture plays a vital role in agricultural Biotechnology by enabling various applications and advancements in crop improvement like Micropropagation, Genetic transformation, Somatic embryogenesis, Cryopreservation, and Disease eradication. Transgenic animals provide many benefits. Transgenic livestock is being developed to increase production (for example egg, meat, milk), provide healthier more robust animals, more nutritious and healthier food, and disease-resistant animals